Environmental crises renew questions about the values associated with the “objects of nature”. In this context, there is an endogeneisation of these values in the economic field, by assigning an economic value to the various items and services related to the ecosystem. The neo-classical approach to the environ ment, however, faces the problem of damages and profits commensurability. In fact, the evaluation process can not avoid the issue of socio-spatial construction of associated environmental goods values.

Two emergent specific environmental goods illustrate these valuation difficulties: the night and the starry sky. The negative impact of excess artificial light are now being studied by various fields of knowledge (especially ecology, medicine) [2], but the question of located values associated with the night sky and its stars remains current and overturns a paradigm: it is the darkness of certain territories which can makes their value by a new consideration of sociocultural (welfare, scientific heritage, landscape resource) and ecosystem services (regulation and self-sustaining ecosystem, circadian cycle, etc.) they produce.

Because the night and the starry sky are complex and unbargainable pure collective goods [2], the ability to characterize their value is derived from processes that have cognitive and spatial dimensions [1]. Thus, since the end of 2000’s, initiatives of certification of dark sky protected areas are growing worldwide. They stress an increasing concern about the problems of light pollution caused by the socioeconomic activities. That place the night and the starry sky in the center of new territorial considerations [3,4].